Comparison of Non-Sulfide Nickel Extraction and Sulfidation Techniques to Improve Nickel Recovery from Crude at PT X

Article Sidebar

PDF
Issue
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Tech
Published: Jun 7, 2025
Keywords:
Nickel Extraction,
Non-Sulfide,
Sulfidation,
Ferronickel,
Nickel Sulfide Ekstraksi Nikel,
Non-Sulfida,
Sulfidasi,
Ferronikel,
Nikel Sulfida

Main Article Content

Muhamad Ismatulloh
Program Studi Teknologi Metalurgi
Fahny Ardian
Gabriel Ricardo Ananda Putra

Abstract

Improving the efficiency and selectivity of nickel extraction is essential to meet increasing industrial demands and reduce processing costs. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of non-sulfide and sulfidation methods for nickel extraction from crude nickel ore. The extraction processes were conducted using Electric Furnace Units 5, 6, 7, and 8, which operate under the Rotary Kiln-Electric Furnace (RKEF) technology. The results show that Furnaces 5 and 6, which applied the non-sulfide method, produced low-grade ferronickel. In contrast, Furnaces 7 and 8, where sulfur was added (sulfidation process), successfully formed nickel sulfide (Ni₃S₂). This comparison indicates that sulfur addition in the extraction process can enhance the formation of more specific nickel compounds. However, further evaluation is required to assess the efficiency and environmental impact of both methods.

Article Details

How to Cite
Ismatulloh, M., Ardian, F., & Ricardo Ananda Putra, G. (2025). Comparison of Non-Sulfide Nickel Extraction and Sulfidation Techniques to Improve Nickel Recovery from Crude at PT X . Tech : Journal of Engineering Science, 1(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.69836/tech.v1i1.316
Section
Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Boyd, D. A. (2016). Sulfur and its Role In Modern Material Sciene. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 55, 2-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201604615

Bratasena, M. E., Alfaraby, F., & Pramudita, R. D. (2020). Optimasi Sistem RKEF dan Bahan Bakar Alternatif pada Produksi Ferronickel untuk Meningkatkan Efektivitas Ekstraksi Industri Berbasis Nikel di Indonesia. Upaya Industri Pertambangan dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19.

Crundwell, F. K., Moats, M. S., Ramachandran, V., Robinson, T. G., & Davenport, W. G. (2011). Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt, and Platinum-Group Metals. Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009-0-63541-8

Dalvi, A. D., Bacon, W. G., & Osborne, R. C. (2004). The Past and the Future of Nickel Laterites. JOM, 56(5), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-004-0261-9

Diaz, C. M., Landolt, C. A., Vahed, A., Warner, A. M., & Taylor, J. C. (1988). A Review of Nickel Pyrometallurgical Operation. JOM: the journal of the Minerals, Metals & Material Society, 211-239. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03258548

Herlina, U., Miftahurrahman, M., Priadi, D., & Suharno, B. (2022). Effect of sulfur in the reductants on sulfidation mechanism of nickel laterite. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361750455_Effect_of_sulfur_in_the_reductants_on_sulfidation_mechanism_of_nickel_laterite

Hutabarat, I. (2021). Bahan Tayangan Kuliah Metalurgi Non-Ferrous 10. Bandung: Politeknik Energi dan Pertambangan Bandung.

Hutabarat, I. (2021). Bahan Tayangan Kuliah Metalurgi Non-Ferrous 11. Bandung: Politeknik Energi dan Pertambangan Bandung.

Nurjaman, F., Bahfie, F., Ulin, H., Astuti, W., & Suharno, B. (2020). Kajian Literatur Parameter Proses Reduksi Selektif Bijih Nikel Laterit. JMI, 42(2), 63-71. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348255909_Kajian_Literatur_Parameter_Proses_Reduksi_Selektif_Bijih_Nikel_Laterit

Setiawan, I. (2016). Pengolahan Nikel Laterit Secara Pirometalurgi: Kini Dan Penelitian Kedepan. Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi 2016, (pp. 1-7). Jakarta. https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/semnastek/article/view/837

Liu, F., Li, B., Wei, Y., Zhou, S., & Wang, H. (2023). Effect of Elemental Sulfur on the Reduction Process of Laterite Nickel Ore. Materials Transactions, 64(12). https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/matertrans/64/12/64_MT-M2022189/_html/-char/ja

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). (2023). Mineral Commodity Summaries 2023: Nickel. https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2023/mcs2023-nickel.pdf

Wang, L., Sun, W., & Wang, Q. (2018). Investigation of nickel extraction from low-grade laterite ores via selective sulfidation roasting. Minerals Engineering, 122, 149–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2018.03.012

Zhang, W., Li, Q., & Wang, J. (2019). Sulfidation roasting of laterite ores for enhanced nickel recovery. Hydrometallurgy, 185, 48–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.02.005

Zhou, Y., Huang, S., & Zhang, X. (2020). Thermodynamic analysis of sulfidation roasting of nickel laterite ore. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 139(4), 2497–2506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-09066-9