Analisis Konvergensi Hukum Ekonomi Internasional: Tantangan Hukum Bagi Indonesia Dalam Mengharmonisasikan Kepentingan Brics Dan Asean
Isi Artikel Utama
Abstrak
Indonesia memiliki keanggotaan di BRICS dan ASEAN yang memberikan peluang besar dalam perdagangan, investasi, dan diplomasi, namun menghadapi tantangan harmonisasi hukum ekonomi antara kedua blok. BRICS berfokus pada proteksionisme dan infrastruktur, sedangkan ASEAN mendorong integrasi pasar bebas menciptakan kompleksitas bagi Indonesia dalam menjaga keseimbangan kebijakan nasional dan internasional. Pengembangan kerangka hukum yang fleksibel namun kokoh sangat diperlukan untuk mengelola dinamika perbedaan regulasi di kedua organisasi tanpa mengorbankan kedaulatan Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi hukum yang dapat diterapkan Indonesia untuk mengatasi tantangan harmonisasi regulasi ekonomi internasional antara BRICS dan ASEAN. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis-normatif, dengan menganalisis data sekunder dari bahan-bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Indonesia memainkan peran strategis dalam menjembatani konflik hukum ekonomi antara BRICS dan ASEAN yang memiliki prinsip ekonomi berbeda dimana BRICS mendukung proteksionisme, sementara ASEAN mendorong liberalisasi pasar. Keanggotaan Indonesia di kedua blok ini menciptakan tantangan dalam harmonisasi regulasi, terutama ketika Indonesia juga terlibat dalam perjanjian multilateral seperti WTO dan G20. Dengan memanfaatkan posisinya Indonesia dapat memperkuat ekonominya dan mempengaruhi kebijakan global sambil menjaga kedaulatan hukum ekonomi nasional.
Rincian Artikel
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Referensi
Artner, Annamaria. ‘ROLE OF INDONESIA IN THE EVOLUTION OF’, n.d.
ASEAN. ASEAN FRAMEWORK (AMENDMENT) AGREEMENT FOR THE INTEGRATION OF PRIORITY SECTORS, 2024.
ASEAN, BCG. Study on the ASEAN Digital Economy Framework Agreement (DEFA), 2024.
ASEAN Secretariat. ‘ASEAN STATISTICAL YEARBOOK 2023’. 2023. https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/ASEAN-Statistical-Yearbook-2023.pdf.
Benuf, Kornelius, and Muhamad Azhar. ‘Metodologi Penelitian Hukum sebagai Instrumen Mengurai Permasalahan Hukum Kontemporer’. Gema Keadilan 7, no. 1 (1 April 2020): 20–33. https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2020.7504.
Brooks, Karen. ‘Is Indonesia Bound For the BRICs?’, n.d.
Chia, Siow Yue. ‘The ASEAN Economic Community: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects’, n.d.
CNBC Indonesia. ‘Negara BRICS vs G20 vs G7, Siapa Raja Ekonomi Dunia?’ CNBC Indonesia, 2023. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/research/20230825132327-128-466136/negara-brics-vs-g20-vs-g7-siapa-raja-ekonomi-dunia.
CSIS. ‘Centre for Strategic and International Studies’. CSIS Indonesia, 2023. https://www.csis.or.id/.
Desker, Barry. ‘Is Indonesia Outgrowing Asean?’, n.d.
Hallward-Driemeier, Mary, and Ousman Gajigo. ‘Strengthening Economic Rights and Women’s Occupational Choice’, n.d.
he ASEAN Secretariat. ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY BLUEPRINT 2025, 2015. https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/AECBP_2025r_FINAL.pdf.
Heiduk, Felix. ‘Indonesia in ASEAN: Regional Leadership between Ambition and Ambiguity’, n.d.
Indonesia. Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2020 Tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional Tahun 2020-2024, 2024.
———. Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perdagangan, 2014.
———. Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penanaman Modal, 2007.
Ishikawa, Koichi. ‘The ASEAN Economic Community and ASEAN Economic Integration’. Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies 10, no. 1 (2 January 2021): 24–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/24761028.2021.1891702.
Iskandar, Franciscus Budi. ‘IMPLIKASI PEMBENTUKAN MATA UANG BRICS TERHADAP KEDAULATAN EKONOMI INDONESIA’, n.d.
Jones, Lee. ‘Explaining the Failure of the ASEAN Economic Community: The Primacy of Domestic Political Economy’. The Pacific Review 29, no. 5 (19 October 2016): 647–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2015.1022593.
Kayla Revina Nurmaulidia, Sarita Putri Listari, Yoanda Vani Aulia, Amrina Rosyada, and Mila Febriani. ‘Analisis Perkembangan Ekonomi Syariah Di Asia Tenggara Pasca Berdirinya BRICS’. Journal of Economics and Business 2, no. 2 (20 December 2024): 238–46. https://doi.org/10.61994/econis.v2i2.500.
Laidi, Zaki. ‘The Brics Against the West ?’, n.d.
Law, Arma. ‘Asia Business Law Journal 2023’. ARMA LAW, 2023. https://www.arma-law.com/awards/2023/albj-2023.
Lestari, Setyani Dwi, Farah Margaretha Leon, Selamet Riyadi, Qodariah Qodariah, and Aditya Halim Perdana Kusuma Putra. ‘Comparison and Implementation of Environmental Law Policies in Handling Climate Change in ASEAN Countries: A Comparative Study of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand’. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 14, no. 2 (15 March 2024): 687–700. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.14998.
Mamentu, Michael, Joyce Jacinta Rares, and Very Y. Lond. ‘Indonesian Foreign Policy in Encouraging the Acceleration of Implementation of the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific’. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 12, no. 1 (4 January 2024): e2776. https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v12i1.2776.
O’Neill, Jim. ‘Building Better Global Economic BRICs’, n.d.
Permatasari, Diah Ayu. ‘Strategi dan Peluang Indonesia dalam Kerja Sama BRICS untuk Memperkuat Keamanan Ekonomi Nasional’, 2024.
Permatasari, Yunita. ‘Build Indonesia through ASEAN Economic Community’. JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) 8, no. 1 (2 August 2020): 81. https://doi.org/10.21512/jas.v8i1.6040.
President, Excecutive Offie The. Bilateral Investment Treaties, 1994. https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/bilateral-investment-treaties.
Quddus, Muh. Shah. ‘Implications Law in Ethics Sustainable Business in Indonesia’. Gema Wiralodra 15, no. 1 (30 April 2024): 596–605. https://doi.org/10.31943/gw.v15i1.693.
Rath, Badri Narayan, and Masagus M. Ridhwan. ‘THE NEXUS AMONG EMPLOYMENT, PRODUCTIVITY AND TRADE OPENNESS: EVIDENCE FROM BRICS AND INDONESIA’. Buletin Ekonomi Moneter Dan Perbankan 23, no. 4 (31 December 2020): 463–84. https://doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v23i4.1363.
Russia, BRICS. Kazan Declaration: STRENGTHENING MULTILATERALISM FOR JUST GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AND SECURIT. Kazan, 2024.
Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, and Andrey Shelepov. ‘Indonesia and the BRICS: Implementing the BEPS Action Plan’. International Organisations Research Journal 12, no. 3 (October 2017): 114–36. https://doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2017-03-114.
Secretary, ASEAN. ‘Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)’, 2019. https://asean.org/our-communities/economic-community/integration-with-global-economy/regional-comprehensive-economic-partnership-rcep/.
Shimizu, Kazushi. ‘The ASEAN Economic Community and the RCEP in the World Economy’. Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies 10, no. 1 (2 January 2021): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/24761028.2021.1907881.
UN. CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS, n.d.
Wilbert, Wilbert, Mahmul Siregar, Detania Sukarja, and Natcha Natcha. ‘Legal Analysis of the Implications of the ASEAN Agreement on E-Commerce for Electronic Business Contracts in Indonesia’. Jurnal Suara Hukum 6, no. 1 (21 June 2024): 48–67. https://doi.org/10.26740/jsh.v6n1.p48-67.
World Bank. ‘World Bank’s Fall 2023 Regional Economic Updates’. World Bank Group, 2023. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2023/10/04/world-bank-fall-2023-regional-economic-updates#:~:text=East%20Asia%20and%20the%20Pacific%3A%20Growth%20in%20developing%20East%20Asia,economic%20outlook%20for%20the%20region.
WTO. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), 1947. https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/gatt47_e.htm.
———. General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), 1995. https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/gatsintr_e.htm.