Practices, Perceptions, and Trust of The Public Regarding Online Medication Purchasing In Jakarta In 2026
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The rapid growth of digital technology has increased the use of online platforms for purchasing medicines, offering greater convenience while raising concerns regarding medicine safety, product authenticity, and public trust. This study aimed to analyze the practices, perceptions, and trust of the public regarding online medication purchasing in Jakarta in 2026 and to examine their relationships with respondents’ demographic characteristics. A quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 385 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured online questionnaire consisting of practices, perceptions, and trust domains measured with a five-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics were used for univariate analysis, while Spearman’s rank correlation, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied for bivariate analysis at a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that 70.6% of respondents demonstrated good practices, 68.3% had positive perceptions, and 74.0% reported high trust toward online medication purchasing. Educational level and frequency of internet use were significantly associated with practices, perceptions, and trust (p < 0.001), whereas age and gender showed no significant association. Significant positive correlations were also observed among practices, perceptions, and trust. These findings indicate that higher educational attainment and greater internet use contribute to more favorable behaviors, perceptions, and trust regarding online medication purchasing. Strengthening digital health literacy and promoting the use of authorized online pharmacy platforms are essential to support safe and rational online medicine purchasing.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Adelina, R., Ayu, A., Masruroh, S. U., & Zaafira, R. D. (2024). Evaluating user perception of online pharmacy application in Indonesia. Proceedings of the IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Communications Technology, Society of Media (CITSM 2023). https://doi.org/10.1109/CITSM60085.2023.10455165
Alfin, F., & Muhammad, D. W. (2024). Illegal medicines circulation through ecommerce: Consumer legal protection challenges by the food and drug supervisory centre. Reformasi Hukum, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.46257/jrh.v28i1.969
Amelia, N. (2018). Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Produk Kecantikan Yang Diperdagangkan Secara Online Terkait Dengan Obat Pelangsing (Suatu Penelitian di Kota Banda Aceh). 2(3), 629–638.
Ayunda, T. S., Prastiwi, M., Maheswari, A. I., Tampake, D., Andriani, D., Pide, G. L., Okvitasari, G. Y., Fauziah, I., Fawwaz, L. R., Fathurrahman, M., Jihanwasila, N., Aji, N. A. T., Saraya, T. D., Azizah, Z. T., & Sukorini, A. I. (2023). Pengetahuan tentang Legalitas Obat dan Tindakan Pembelian Obat secara Online untuk COVID-19. Jurnal Farmasi Komunitas, 10(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/10.20473/jfk.v10i1.32935
Dania, I. A., & Novziransyah, N. (2021). Sensasi, Persepsi, Kognitif. Sensation, Perception and Cognition. Ibnu Sina: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan KesehatanFakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, 20(1), 14–21. http://www.ojsfkuisu.com/index.php/ibnusina/article/view/59
Ekadipta, E., Hidayat, F., Komarudin, D., & Ayuni, D. (2022). Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien Terhadap Pelayanan Informasi Obat Dalam Pembelian Obat Secara Online Pada Apotekmart Online Berdasarkan Komunikasi, Informasi, Dan Edukasi. ISTA Online Technologi Journal, 3(1), 42–49. https://doi.org/10.62702/ion.v3i1.50
Ersöz, N., Jacucci, G., Jung, H. J., & Mandelkow, J. (2023). Risk, trust, and emotion in online pharmacy medication purchases: Multimethod approach incorporating customer self-reports, facial expressions, and neural activation. JMIR Formative Research, 7, e48850. https://doi.org/10.2196/48850
Ferawaty, Antonio, W., & Anggraeni, A. (2024). Factors affecting customers intention towards online pharmacies in Indonesian market. International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology, 13(1), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v13i1.pp91-100
Firmawati, F., & Sudirman, A. N. A. (2023). Analisis kesiapan masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan aplikasi pelayanan kesehatan di era digitalisasi Kabupaten Gorontalo. Health Information: Jurnal Penelitian, 15(2), e1084. https://doi.org/10.36990/hijp.v15i2.1084
Fittler, A., Ambrus, T., Serefko, A., Smejkalová, L., Kijewska, A., Szopa, A., & Káplár, M. (2022). Attitudes and behaviors regarding online pharmacies in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic: At the tipping point towards the new normal. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 13, 1070473. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.1070473
Gharaibeh, L. A., Alamri, M. A., Al-Kabariti, A. Y., Alsa’d, A. A., Abed, A., & Karameh, N. (2023). Practices, perceptions and trust of the public regarding online drug purchasing: A web-based survey from Jordan. BMJ Open, 13(10), e077555. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077555
Gusrianto, P., & Sunitiyoso, Y. (2023). A system dynamics model to enhance the Indonesian food and drug authority’s approach to reduce unauthorized drug sales in West Sumatra Province. Eruditio: Indonesia Journal of Food and Drug Safety, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.54384/eruditio.v3i1.135
Hartuti, W., & Sasongko, R. E. (2023). The influence of the presence of a pharmacist on medication management in pharmacies in Banten Province. Eruditio: Indonesia Journal of Food and Drug Safety, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.54384/eruditio.v3i2.146
Hidayah, A., & Utomo, T. C. (2018). Peran WHO (World Health Organization) dalam menangani peredaran counterfeit drugs (Studi kasus: Implementasi member states mechanism di Indonesia). Journal of International Relations Diponegoro, 4(3), 564–572. https://doi.org/10.14710/jirud.v4i3.21157
Kemenkes RI. (2022). Informasi Umum Tentang Penggunaan Obat Yang Aman. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Khwaileh, K., & Kazić-Çakar, E. (2025). Illicit trade in counterfeit medicines: Challenges, solutions, and a case study of Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 10(1), 165–210. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v10i1.3692
Lemeshow, S., Hosmer, D. W., Klar, J., & Lwanga, S. K. (1991). Sample size determination in health studies. 55–62.
Limbu, Y. B., & Huhmann, B. (2024). What influences consumers’ online medication purchase intentions and behavior? A scoping review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15, 1356059. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1356059
Nabila Azzahra Putri Sujarwo, Sevana Prabha Dewi, Sonia Mirari Primanita, Clairine Angelia, Dita Salsabila Choiron, Hasna Kurnia Dewi, Zahra Penta Apsari Ginting, Brahma Wisnu Kusuma Wardhana, Savira Rizky Meisya Amalia, Armitha Fesha Ayura, & Gesnita Nugraheni. (2023). Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Masyarakat tentang Peredaran Obat dan Makanan secara Daring. Jurnal Farmasi Komunitas, 10(2), 117–123. https://doi.org/10.20473/jfk.v10i2.42730
Nurhaida, H., Pramudita, E., & Achmadi, H. (2024). Faktor yang mempengaruhi niat penggunaan (intention to use) layanan telekonsultasi aplikasi Halodoc pada masyarakat Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia, 12(1), 14–24. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmki.12.1.2024.14-24
Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat Dan Makanan Nomor 14 Tahun 2024 Tentang Pengawasan Obat Dan Makanan Yang Diedarkan Secara Daring, Pub. L. 14 (2024). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/297143/perka-bpom-no-14-tahun- 2024
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 20 Tahun 2019 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Telemedicine Antar Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan (2019). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/138613/permenkes-no-20-tahun-2019
Pratama, R., & Nugroho, Y. (2023). Consumer behavior in purchasing health products through e-commerce platforms in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Digital, 5(2), 105–120.
Rosita, E., Hidayat, W., & Yuliani, W. (2021). Uji Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Kuesioner Perilaku Prososial. FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling Dalam Pendidikan), 4(4), 279. https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v4i4.7413
Sari, D. P., Rahmawati, I., & Putra, A. (2022). Digital health adoption during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: A study on Halodoc users. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia, 10(1), 40–50.
Undang-Undang (UU) Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan, Pub. L. 17 (2023). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/details/258028/uu-no-17-tahun-2023
WHO. (2023). Promoting rational use of medicines. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/activities/promoting-rational-use-of-medicines
Wulandari, S., Handayani, P. W., & Azzahro, F. (2021). Factors influencing trust in online health services: Evidence from Indonesian users. Procedia Computer Science, 179, 72–80