The Role Of Eye Health Education In Improving Awareness Of Children's Vision Impairment Prevention

Abstrak

Visual impairment among elementary school-aged children remains a significant public health concern because it can affect learning performance, cognitive development, and overall quality of life. Limited knowledge of eye health, inadequate preventive practices, and insufficient awareness of early detection contribute to the risk of undiagnosed visual problems. This study aimed to analyze the role of eye health education in improving awareness of visual impairment prevention among elementary school students and to identify factors supporting the effectiveness of school-based educational interventions. A descriptive qualitative design with a case study approach was employed in elementary schools participating in an eye health education program in Piyungan District, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. The study was conducted from September to December 2025 and involved students in grades IV–VI, classroom teachers, school health teachers, optometrists, and health educators. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, program documentation, and vision screening reports. Informants were selected using purposive sampling, and the data were analyzed thematically. Data validity was strengthened through source, method, and time triangulation. The findings indicated that structured, contextual, and participatory eye health education improved students’ understanding of eye function, risk factors for visual impairment, and appropriate preventive measures. Following the educational activities, students demonstrated greater awareness of vision screening, increased willingness to report visual complaints, improved understanding of proper reading distances and screen-time management, and better compliance with prescribed corrective eyewear. The use of interactive discussions, visual media, demonstrations, and practical simulations supported students’ engagement and understanding, while teachers played an important role in reinforcing healthy eye care practices. The study concludes that school-based eye health education is an important promotive and preventive strategy for improving children’s awareness and encouraging behaviors that may reduce the risk of visual impairment. Integrating sustainable eye health education and regular vision screening into school health programs, supported by collaboration among schools, parents, optometrists, and healthcare professionals, is recommended to strengthen early detection and promote long-term visual health among children.