Metabolic Syndrome and Framingham Cardiovascular Risk among Workers at Yayasan Suka Hati Kusuma Bangsa

Abstrak

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome using the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria for Asian populations and to describe the 10-year cardiovascular risk based on the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) among workers at Yayasan Suka Hati Kusuma Bangsa, Jakarta. A descriptive observational study was conducted using baseline data from 58 eligible workers employed in the institution’s junior high school, vocational high school, and university units. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, blood glucose, and lifestyle factors. Metabolic syndrome classification was based on four available components: waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and blood pressure, because fasting plasma glucose was unavailable. Cardiovascular risk was assessed using the FRS and categorized as low (<10%), moderate (10–20%), or high (>20%). Data were analyzed descriptively and presented as frequencies, percentages, medians, and interquartile ranges. Of the 58 respondents, 54 (93.1%) were classified as having metabolic syndrome, while four (6.9%) were not. Most participants had a low predicted 10-year cardiovascular risk (89.1%), whereas 10.9% had moderate risk and none had high risk. The median waist circumference was 90 cm, and the median HDL cholesterol level was 34.5 mg/dL. These findings indicate a substantial burden of metabolic abnormalities despite predominantly low predicted short-term cardiovascular risk. Routine workplace health screening and early lifestyle-based interventions are therefore important. However, the prevalence estimate should be interpreted cautiously because fasting plasma glucose was unavailable and the assessment relied on four metabolic components. Further studies involving larger, multisite populations and complete diagnostic measurements are recommended.