Efektivitas Intervensi Applied Behavior Analysis terhadap Perilaku On-Task Siswa ADHD di Sekolah Inklusi
Isi Artikel Utama
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas intervensi perilaku berbasis Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) dalam meningkatkan perilaku on-task dan kepatuhan instruksi pada siswa dengan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) di sekolah dasar Islam inklusi. Penelitian menggunakan desain Single Subject Research (SSR) A–B–A–B reversal dengan satu subjek siswa laki-laki berusia 8 tahun, kelas 2, yang teridentifikasi mengalami ADHD tipe Combined berdasarkan asesmen psikologis formal. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung selama 20 sesi pengamatan yang terbagi dalam empat fase penelitian. Instrumen observasi telah divalidasi melalui penilaian ahli (Aiken’s V = 0,88) dan memiliki tingkat reliabilitas antar-observer yang memadai (IOA rata-rata = 87,5%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan perilaku on-task dari rata-rata 36% pada fase baseline (A1) menjadi 70% pada fase re-intervensi (B2), serta peningkatan kepatuhan instruksi dari rata-rata 40% (A1) menjadi 72,6% (B2). Analisis visual grafik SSD menunjukkan persentase non-overlap data (PND) sebesar 100% pada kedua fase intervensi. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa ABA merupakan strategi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan akademik siswa dengan ADHD dalam lingkungan pendidikan inklusi dan dapat dijadikan alternatif strategi manajemen perilaku bagi guru di kelas inklusi.
Rincian Artikel

Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Referensi
Aldabbagh, M., Al-Khatib, A., & Al-Hadidi, M. (2024). Teacher-mediated behavioral interventions for students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in inclusive classrooms. Journal of Behavioral Education, 33(2), 215–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10864-022-09480-5
American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.). American Psychiatric Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787
Barkley, R. A. (2021). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (5th ed.). Guilford Press.
Chacko, A., Wymbs, B., & Arnold, L. (2024). Behavioral interventions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Recent advances and future directions. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65(2), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13897
Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., & Heward, W. L. (2020). Applied behavior analysis (3rd ed.). Pearson Education.
DuPaul, G. J., Eckert, T. L., & Vilardo, B. (2021). The effects of school-based interventions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analysis. School Psychology Review, 50(3), 301–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/2372966X.2020.1793096
Evans, S. W., Owens, J. S., & Bunford, N. (2020). Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 49(4), 527–551.
Fabiano, G. A., Schatz, N. K., & Aloe, A. M. (2021). Classroom interventions for children with ADHD: A systematic review. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 29(3), 132–145.
Gaastra, G., Groen, Y., Tucha, L., & Tucha, O. (2024). The effects of behavioral classroom interventions on academic engagement in children with ADHD. Behavioral Disorders, 49(1), 12–25.
Greenwood, C. R., Carta, J. J., & Hall, R. V. (2020). Observational measurement of academic engagement. Journal of Behavioral Education, 29(4), 475–489.
Karina, R., Sari, D., & Prasetyo, B. (2023). Behavioral intervention to improve classroom engagement among students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Educational Psychology Research, 18(2), 112–124.
Kates, D., Smith, J., & Brown, R. (2025). School-based behavioral interventions for students with ADHD: An updated systematic review. Journal of School Psychology, 99, 10–28.
Leaf, J. B., Cihon, J. H., & Ferguson, J. L. (2021). Applied behavior analysis in educational settings. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 14(3), 567–575.
Miranda, A., Colomer, C., & Berenguer, C. (2020). Executive functioning in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Child Neuropsychology, 26(3), 350–369.
Riley, N., McKevitt, B., & Shriver, M. (2020). Academic engagement in children with ADHD. Psychology in the Schools, 57(2), 204–217.
Scruggs, T. E., & Mastropieri, M. A. (2013). PND at 25: Past, present, and future trends in summarizing single-subject research. Remedial and Special Education, 34(1), 9–19.
Sutherland, K. S., Conroy, M. A., & Algina, J. (2021). Teacher implementation of behavioral classroom interventions. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 23(2), 85–96.
UNESCO. (2020). Global education monitoring report: Inclusion and education. UNESCO Publishing.
Widihapsari, R., Hartati, S., & Nugroho, A. (2021). Classroom behavior intervention for children with ADHD. Indonesian Journal of Educational Psychology, 9(2), 145–156.
Yegencik, M., Owens, J. S., & Evans, S. W. (2025). School-based interventions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review. Journal of School Psychology, 98, 25–41.