Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial terhadap Penanganan Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FDGs) : Tinjauan Naratif

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Ade Herdian Putra

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Gangguan gastrointestinal fungsional (Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders/FGIDs) adalah kondisi kronis yang ditandai dengan gejala yang signifikan dan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup penderitanya. Penelitian ini mengkaji peran dukungan sosial dalam mengelola gejala FGIDs melalui narrative review yang komprehensif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial, termasuk dukungan emosional, instrumental, dan informasi, memiliki dampak positif yang signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan fisik dan mental individu dengan FGIDs. Dukungan sosial membantu mengurangi stres dan kecemasan, yang sering memperburuk gejala FGIDs, dengan menurunkan aktivitas sistem saraf simpatis dan meningkatkan aktivitas saraf vagus. Efektivitas dukungan sosial dipengaruhi oleh faktor budaya, kondisi ekonomi, dan stabilitas hubungan sosial. Penelitian juga menyoroti peran penting teknologi dan media sosial dalam menyediakan dukungan sosial yang lebih luas dan mudah diakses, meskipun penting untuk memastikan informasi yang diberikan dapat dipercaya dan berbasis bukti. Implikasi untuk praktik klinis mencakup integrasi dukungan sosial dalam rencana perawatan dan edukasi pasien serta keluarga. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi mekanisme spesifik dukungan sosial dan mengembangkan intervensi inovatif. Dengan memahami dan memanfaatkan kekuatan dukungan sosial, kita dapat membantu individu dengan FGIDs mengelola kondisi mereka dengan lebih baik dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup mereka.

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