Faktor-Faktor Yang Menyebabkan Burnout Pada Pekerja Lepas Pantai (Offshore)
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Background: The major impact of burnout on overseas workers, such as inadequate physical and psychological working conditions, has been proven to be associated with adverse health outcomes among workers, including the emergence of various diseases, increased stress levels, reduced concentration which can lead to the occurrence of work accidents which end in decreased productivity. This impact is a small part of the concept of Occupational Diseases (PAK) which is one of the pillars of Occupational Health and Safety. Objective: to find out the factors that cause burnout in offshore workers. Method: This research is an observational analysis research with a cross-sectional approach, where the researchers only observed offshore workers on the Belait CSS-1 ship. Samples were selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique to obtain 80 samples. Results: There is a relationship between age (p = 0.021), education (p = 0.000), marital status (p = 0.021), length of service (p = 0.038), type of work (p = 0.000), work stress (p = 0.000 ), and workload (p = 0.003) with burnout in offshore workers. Conclusion: There are various factors that can influence burnout in offshore workers such as age, education, type of work, work stress and length of service..
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References
Abu Hanifah, M. S., & Ismail, N. (2021). Fatigue and its associated risk factors among shift workers: A systematic review. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 31(2), 208–222. https://doi.org/10.1002/hfm.20880
Artz, B., Kaya, I., & Kaya, O. (2022). Gender role perspectives and job burnout. Review of Economics of the Household, 20(2), 447–470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-021-09579-2
Asih, G. Y., Widhiastuti, H., & Dewi, R. (2018). Stress Kerja. Semarang University Press.
Baka, Ł., & Bazińska, R. (2016). Polish adaptation of three self-report measures of job stressors: the Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale, the Quantitative Workload Inventory and the Organizational Constraints Scale. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 22(1), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2015.1116816
Baygi, F., Mohammadian Khonsari, N., Seif, E., Asayesh, H., & Qorbani, M. (2022). The mental health status of offshore oil platform workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1009602
Caldwell, J. A., Caldwell, J. L., Thompson, L. A., & Lieberman, H. R. (2019). Fatigue and its management in the workplace. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 96, 272–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.10.024
Cañadas-De la Fuente, G., Ortega, E., Ramirez-Baena, L., De la Fuente-Solana, E., Vargas, C., & Gómez-Urquiza, J. (2018). Gender, Marital Status, and Children as Risk Factors for Burnout in Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(10), 2102. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102102
Carvalho, D. P. de, Rocha, L. P., Pinho, E. C. de, Tomaschewski-Barlem, J. G., Barlem, E. L. D., & Goulart, L. S. (2019). Workloads and burnout of nursing workers. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 72(6), 1435–1441. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0659
Elshaer, N. S. M., Moustafa, M. S. A., Aiad, M. W., & Ramadan, M. I. E. (2018). Job Stress and Burnout Syndrome among Critical Care Healthcare Workers. Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 54(3), 273–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajme.2017.06.004
Fyana, L., & Rozali, Y. A. (2020). Perbedaan Burnout Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin pada Karyawan Bank ABC. JCA of Psychology, 1(2), 147–152.
Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., Vargas, C., De la Fuente, E. I., Fernández-Castillo, R., & Cañadas-De la Fuente, G. A. (2017). Age as a Risk Factor for Burnout Syndrome in Nursing Professionals: A Meta-Analytic Study. Research in Nursing & Health, 40(2), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21774
Johnson, S. J., Machowski, S., Holdsworth, L., Kern, M., & Zapf, D. (2017). Age, emotion regulation strategies, burnout, and engagement in the service sector: Advantages of older workers. Revista de Psicología Del Trabajo y de Las Organizaciones, 33(3), 205–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpto.2017.09.001
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2014, October 28). 1 Orang Pekerja di Dunia Meninggal Setiap 15 Detik Karena Kecelakaan Kerja. Biro Komunikasi & Pelayanan Publik Kementerian Kesehatan R. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilis-media/20141028/3511480/1-orang-pekerja-di-dunia-meninggal-setiap-15-detik-karena-kecelakaan-kerja/
Korneeva, Y., & Simonova, N. (2020). Job Stress and Working Capacity among Fly-In-Fly-Out Workers in the Oil and Gas Extraction Industries in the Arctic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 7759. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217759
Kurniawidjaja, M., & Ramdhan, D. H. (2019). Buku Ajar Penyakit Akibat Kerja dan Surveilans. UI Publishing.
López‐López, I. M., Gómez‐Urquiza, J. L., Cañadas, G. R., De la Fuente, E. I., Albendín‐García, L., & Cañadas‐De la Fuente, G. A. (2019). Prevalence of burnout in mental health nurses and related factors: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 28(5), 1035–1044. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12606
Marchand, A., Blanc, M.-E., & Beauregard, N. (2018). Do age and gender contribute to workers’ burnout symptoms? Occupational Medicine, 68(6), 405–411. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy088
Marisa, P. A. A., & Utami, L. H. (2021). Kontribusi Stres Kerja dan Hardiness pada Burnout Pekerja. Jurnal Psikologi Integratif, 9(1), 29–40.
Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., Leiter, M. P., Schaufeli, W. B., & Schwab, R. L. (2020). Maslach Burnout Inventory (TM) Instruments and Scoring Keys.
Mohammadian, M., Parsaei, H., Mokarami, H., & Kazemi, R. (2022). Cognitive demands and mental workload: A filed study of the mining control room operators. Heliyon, 8(2), e08860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08860
Murali, S., Basit, A., & Hassan, Z. (2018). Impact of Job Stress on Employee Performance. International Journal of Accounting and Business Management, 5(2), 13–33.
Parashakti, R. D., & Ekhsan, M. (2022). Peran Burnout sebagai Mediasi pada Pengaruh Stres Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah), 5(1), 365–373. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v5i1.609
Pavičić Žeželj, S., Cvijanović Peloza, O., Mika, F., Stamenković, S., Mahmutović Vranić, S., & Šabanagić Hajrić, S. (2019). Anxiety and depression symptoms among gas and oil industry workers. Occupational Medicine, 69(1), 22–27. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy170
Pujiarti, P., & Idealistiana, L. (2023). Pengaruh Lama Kerja dan Beban Kerja Perawat terhadap Burnout. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing), 9(4), 354–360. https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v9i4.1654
Rahmadia, F., Sarianti, R., & Fitria, Y. (2019). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Fisik dan Dukungan Sosial Terhadap Stres Pada Perawat Rumah Sakit (RSI) Ibnu Sina Payakumbuh. EcoGen, 2(2), 110–117.
Ramdan, I. . M., & Fadly, O. N. (2017). Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Burnout pada Perawat Kesehatan Jiwa. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v4i2.240
Ramírez-Elvira, S., Romero-Béjar, J. L., Suleiman-Martos, N., Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., Monsalve-Reyes, C., Cañadas-De la Fuente, G. A., & Albendín-García, L. (2021). Prevalence, Risk Factors and Burnout Levels in Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11432. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111432
Sadeghi, M., Dadras, A., & Asadpour, A. (2020). A Study on the Rate and Causes of Workers’ Burnout in Satellite Jobs (Case: Iranian Offshore Oil Company in Sirri Island). Iieshrm, 11(43), 239–264. http://iieshrm.ir/article-1-889-en.html
Shukla, A., & Srivastava, R. (2016). Development of short questionnaire to measure an extended set of role expectation conflict, coworker support and work-life balance: The new job stress scale. Cogent Business & Management, 3(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2015.1134034
Simionato, G. K., & Simpson, S. (2018). Personal risk factors associated with burnout among psychotherapists: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(9), 1431–1456. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22615
Tang, X., & Li, X. (2021). Role Stress, Burnout, and Workplace Support Among Newly Recruited Social Workers. Research on Social Work Practice, 31(5), 529–540. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731520984534
Trianingrat, N. komang A. R., & Supartha, I. W. G. (2020). Pengaruh Stres Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 9(5), 1838. https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2020.v09.i05.p10
Van den Broeck, A., Elst, T. Vander, Baillien, E., Sercu, M., Schouteden, M., De Witte, H., & Godderis, L. (2017). Job Demands, Job Resources, Burnout, Work Engagement, and Their Relationships. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 59(4), 369–376. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000964
Woranetipo, S., & Chavanovanich, J. (2021). Three-way Interactions of Workload, Social Support and Coping Strategy on Job Burnout. The Journal of Behavioral Science, 16(1), 58–72.
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: The major impact of burnout on overseas workers, such as inadequate physical and psychological working conditions, has been proven to be associated with adverse health outcomes among workers, including the emergence of various diseases, increased stress levels, reduced concentration which can lead to the occurrence of work accidents which end in decreased productivity. This impact is a small part of the concept of Occupational Diseases (PAK) which is one of the pillars of Occupational Health and Safety. Objective: to find out the factors that cause burnout in offshore workers. Method: This research is an observational analysis research with a cross-sectional approach, where the researchers only observed offshore workers on the Belait CSS-1 ship. Samples were selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique to obtain 80 samples. Results: There is a relationship between age (p = 0.021), education (p = 0.000), marital status (p = 0.021), length of service (p = 0.038), type of work (p = 0.000), work stress (p = 0.000 ), and workload (p = 0.003) with burnout in offshore workers. Conclusion: There are various factors that can influence burnout in offshore workers such as age, education, type of work, work stress and length of service..
Article Details
References
Abu Hanifah, M. S., & Ismail, N. (2021). Fatigue and its associated risk factors among shift workers: A systematic review. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 31(2), 208–222. https://doi.org/10.1002/hfm.20880
Artz, B., Kaya, I., & Kaya, O. (2022). Gender role perspectives and job burnout. Review of Economics of the Household, 20(2), 447–470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-021-09579-2
Asih, G. Y., Widhiastuti, H., & Dewi, R. (2018). Stress Kerja. Semarang University Press.
Baka, Ł., & Bazińska, R. (2016). Polish adaptation of three self-report measures of job stressors: the Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale, the Quantitative Workload Inventory and the Organizational Constraints Scale. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 22(1), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2015.1116816
Baygi, F., Mohammadian Khonsari, N., Seif, E., Asayesh, H., & Qorbani, M. (2022). The mental health status of offshore oil platform workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1009602
Caldwell, J. A., Caldwell, J. L., Thompson, L. A., & Lieberman, H. R. (2019). Fatigue and its management in the workplace. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 96, 272–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.10.024
Cañadas-De la Fuente, G., Ortega, E., Ramirez-Baena, L., De la Fuente-Solana, E., Vargas, C., & Gómez-Urquiza, J. (2018). Gender, Marital Status, and Children as Risk Factors for Burnout in Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(10), 2102. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102102
Carvalho, D. P. de, Rocha, L. P., Pinho, E. C. de, Tomaschewski-Barlem, J. G., Barlem, E. L. D., & Goulart, L. S. (2019). Workloads and burnout of nursing workers. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 72(6), 1435–1441. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0659
Elshaer, N. S. M., Moustafa, M. S. A., Aiad, M. W., & Ramadan, M. I. E. (2018). Job Stress and Burnout Syndrome among Critical Care Healthcare Workers. Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 54(3), 273–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajme.2017.06.004
Fyana, L., & Rozali, Y. A. (2020). Perbedaan Burnout Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin pada Karyawan Bank ABC. JCA of Psychology, 1(2), 147–152.
Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., Vargas, C., De la Fuente, E. I., Fernández-Castillo, R., & Cañadas-De la Fuente, G. A. (2017). Age as a Risk Factor for Burnout Syndrome in Nursing Professionals: A Meta-Analytic Study. Research in Nursing & Health, 40(2), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21774
Johnson, S. J., Machowski, S., Holdsworth, L., Kern, M., & Zapf, D. (2017). Age, emotion regulation strategies, burnout, and engagement in the service sector: Advantages of older workers. Revista de Psicología Del Trabajo y de Las Organizaciones, 33(3), 205–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpto.2017.09.001
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2014, October 28). 1 Orang Pekerja di Dunia Meninggal Setiap 15 Detik Karena Kecelakaan Kerja. Biro Komunikasi & Pelayanan Publik Kementerian Kesehatan R. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilis-media/20141028/3511480/1-orang-pekerja-di-dunia-meninggal-setiap-15-detik-karena-kecelakaan-kerja/
Korneeva, Y., & Simonova, N. (2020). Job Stress and Working Capacity among Fly-In-Fly-Out Workers in the Oil and Gas Extraction Industries in the Arctic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 7759. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217759
Kurniawidjaja, M., & Ramdhan, D. H. (2019). Buku Ajar Penyakit Akibat Kerja dan Surveilans. UI Publishing.
López‐López, I. M., Gómez‐Urquiza, J. L., Cañadas, G. R., De la Fuente, E. I., Albendín‐García, L., & Cañadas‐De la Fuente, G. A. (2019). Prevalence of burnout in mental health nurses and related factors: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 28(5), 1035–1044. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12606
Marchand, A., Blanc, M.-E., & Beauregard, N. (2018). Do age and gender contribute to workers’ burnout symptoms? Occupational Medicine, 68(6), 405–411. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy088
Marisa, P. A. A., & Utami, L. H. (2021). Kontribusi Stres Kerja dan Hardiness pada Burnout Pekerja. Jurnal Psikologi Integratif, 9(1), 29–40.
Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., Leiter, M. P., Schaufeli, W. B., & Schwab, R. L. (2020). Maslach Burnout Inventory (TM) Instruments and Scoring Keys.
Mohammadian, M., Parsaei, H., Mokarami, H., & Kazemi, R. (2022). Cognitive demands and mental workload: A filed study of the mining control room operators. Heliyon, 8(2), e08860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08860
Murali, S., Basit, A., & Hassan, Z. (2018). Impact of Job Stress on Employee Performance. International Journal of Accounting and Business Management, 5(2), 13–33.
Parashakti, R. D., & Ekhsan, M. (2022). Peran Burnout sebagai Mediasi pada Pengaruh Stres Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah), 5(1), 365–373. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v5i1.609
Pavičić Žeželj, S., Cvijanović Peloza, O., Mika, F., Stamenković, S., Mahmutović Vranić, S., & Šabanagić Hajrić, S. (2019). Anxiety and depression symptoms among gas and oil industry workers. Occupational Medicine, 69(1), 22–27. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy170
Pujiarti, P., & Idealistiana, L. (2023). Pengaruh Lama Kerja dan Beban Kerja Perawat terhadap Burnout. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing), 9(4), 354–360. https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v9i4.1654
Rahmadia, F., Sarianti, R., & Fitria, Y. (2019). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Fisik dan Dukungan Sosial Terhadap Stres Pada Perawat Rumah Sakit (RSI) Ibnu Sina Payakumbuh. EcoGen, 2(2), 110–117.
Ramdan, I. . M., & Fadly, O. N. (2017). Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Burnout pada Perawat Kesehatan Jiwa. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v4i2.240
Ramírez-Elvira, S., Romero-Béjar, J. L., Suleiman-Martos, N., Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., Monsalve-Reyes, C., Cañadas-De la Fuente, G. A., & Albendín-García, L. (2021). Prevalence, Risk Factors and Burnout Levels in Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11432. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111432
Sadeghi, M., Dadras, A., & Asadpour, A. (2020). A Study on the Rate and Causes of Workers’ Burnout in Satellite Jobs (Case: Iranian Offshore Oil Company in Sirri Island). Iieshrm, 11(43), 239–264. http://iieshrm.ir/article-1-889-en.html
Shukla, A., & Srivastava, R. (2016). Development of short questionnaire to measure an extended set of role expectation conflict, coworker support and work-life balance: The new job stress scale. Cogent Business & Management, 3(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2015.1134034
Simionato, G. K., & Simpson, S. (2018). Personal risk factors associated with burnout among psychotherapists: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(9), 1431–1456. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22615
Tang, X., & Li, X. (2021). Role Stress, Burnout, and Workplace Support Among Newly Recruited Social Workers. Research on Social Work Practice, 31(5), 529–540. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731520984534
Trianingrat, N. komang A. R., & Supartha, I. W. G. (2020). Pengaruh Stres Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 9(5), 1838. https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2020.v09.i05.p10
Van den Broeck, A., Elst, T. Vander, Baillien, E., Sercu, M., Schouteden, M., De Witte, H., & Godderis, L. (2017). Job Demands, Job Resources, Burnout, Work Engagement, and Their Relationships. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 59(4), 369–376. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000964
Woranetipo, S., & Chavanovanich, J. (2021). Three-way Interactions of Workload, Social Support and Coping Strategy on Job Burnout. The Journal of Behavioral Science, 16(1), 58–72.